Exam Scheme

Note :-

1. Negative marking: For every wrong answer, 1/3 of the marks prescribed for that particular question shall be deducted.
2. Paper includes questions from: Senior Secondary Level, Graduation Level, Post Graduation Level, Educational Psychology, Pedagogy, Teaching Learning Material, and Use of Computers and Information Technology in Teaching Learning.

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Syllabus : Physics -II

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Part – I Senior Secondary Level

1. Physical World and Measurement
   1. Fundamental and derived units
   2. Systems of units
   3. Dimensional formula and dimensional equations
   4. Accuracy and error in measurement
2. Description of Motion
   1. Motion in one dimension
   2. Uniformly accelerated motion
   3. Motion with uniform velocity/acceleration in two dimensions and relative velocity
   4. Vectors
      1. Scalar and vector quantities
      2. Unit vector
      3. Addition and multiplication
   5. Laws of Motion
      1. First law of motion
      2. Second law of motion
      3. Third law of motion
      4. Impulse
      5. Momentum and conservation of linear momentum
   6. Friction
      1. Types of friction
      2. Laws of friction
3. Work, Energy and Power
   1. Work done by a constant/variable force
   2. Work- energy theorem
   3. K.E.
   4. P.E.
   5. Elastic and inelastic collision in one and two dimensions
   6. Conservation of energy
   7. Conservative and non-conservative forces
   8. Power and motion in vertical plane
4. Rotational Motion
   1. Centre of mass
   2. Its motion
   3. Rotational motion
   4. Torque
   5. Angular momentum
   6. Laws of conservation of angular momentum
   7. Centripetal force
   8. Circular motion
   9. Moment of inertia
   10. Theorems of M.I. and rolling motion
5. Oscillatory Motion
   1. Periodic motion
   2. S.H.M. its equation
   3. K.E. and P.E. of S.H.M.
   4. Simple pendulum and oscillation of a loaded spring
   5. Waves
      1. Type of waves
      2. Wave equation
      3. Speed of a progressive wave
      4. Superposition principle
      5. Reflection of waves
      6. Beats
      7. Stationary waves and normal modes and Doppler's effect
6. Gravitation
   1. Universal law of gravitation
   2. Variation of g
   3. Gravitational potential energy and potential
   4. Orbital and escape velocity
   5. Planetary motion
   6. Kepler's Law
7. Elasticity
   1. Hook's law
   2. Young's modulus
   3. Bulk modulus and shear modulus of rigidity
   4. Applications of elastic behaviour of matter
   5. Surface Tension
      1. Fluid pressure
      2. Pascal's law
      3. Molecular theory of surface tension
      4. Excess of pressure inside a drop and soap bubble
      5. Angle of contact
      6. Capillarity
   6. Liquids in Motion
      1. Type of flow of liquid
      2. Critical velocity
      3. Coefficient of viscosity
      4. Terminal velocity
      5. Stoke's law
      6. Reynold's number
      7. Bernoulli's theorem - its applications
8. Kinetic Theory of Gases
   1. Laws for gases
   2. Ideal gas equation
   3. Assumptions of kinetic theory of gases
   4. Pressure exerted by a gas
   5. r.m.s speed of gas molecules
   6. Law of equipartition of energy
   7. Degree of freedom
   8. Specific heats of gases and solids
   9. Mean free path
   10. Heat and Thermodynamics
       1. Concept of heat and temperature
       2. Temperature scales
       3. Thermal expansion of solid, liquid and gases
       4. Specific heat
       5. Change of state
       6. Latent heat
       7. Calorimetry
       8. Zeroth & first law of thermodynamics
       9. Thermodynamic process
       10. Second law of thermodynamics
       11. Heat engine
   11. Radiation
       1. Modes of transmission of heat
       2. Thermal conductivity
       3. Perfect blackbody
       4. Stefen's law
       5. Newton's law of cooling
       6. Wein's displacement law
9. Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
   1. Laws of reflection
   2. Reflection by plane and curved mirrors
   3. Laws of refraction
   4. Total internal refraction - applications
   5. Lenses
   6. Image formation by lenses
   7. Thin lens formula
   8. Lens maker formula
   9. Power of lens
   10. Dispersion by prism
   11. Scattering of light
   12. Eye
   13. Defects of vision
   14. Microscopes
   15. Telescopes
   16. Wave Optics
       1. Interference of light
       2. Young's double slit experiment
       3. Diffraction of light
       4. Single slit diffraction
       5. Resolving power of optical instruments
       6. Polarisation of light
       7. Law of Malus
       8. Polarization by reflection
10. Electrostatics
    1. Coulomb's law
    2. Superposition principle
    3. Electric field and potential
    4. Dipole
    5. Gauss theorem - its applications
    6. Electric lines of force
    7. Torque experience by a dipole in uniform electric field
    8. Potential energy of a system of charges
    9. Equipotential surfaces
    10. Capacitance
        1. Capacity of an isolated spherical conductor
        2. Parallel plate capacitors
        3. Effect of dielectric on capacitance
        4. Series and parallel combinations of capacitors
        5. Energy of a capacitor
    11. Current Electricity
        1. Drift velocity and mobility
        2. Ohm's Law
        3. Temperature dependence of resistance
        4. Colour code of resistors
        5. Series and parallel combination of resistors
        6. Resistivity
        7. Primary and secondary cells and their combination in series and parallel
        8. Kirchoff's laws
        9. Wheatstone bridge and potentiometer - their applications
        10. Electrical energy and power
11. Magnetism and Magnetic Effect of Current
    1. Magnetic lines of force
    2. Bar magnet
    3. Magnetic moment
    4. Torque on a magnetic dipole
    5. Magnetic induction
    6. Magnetic intensity
    7. Permeability
    8. Susceptibility & intensity of magnetisation - their relations
    9. Curie law
    10. Hysterisis
    11. B-H curve
    12. Classification of magnetic materials
    13. Magnetic force
    14. Motion in the magnetic field
    15. Force on current carrying conductor
    16. Biot - Savarts law
    17. Magnetic field by a straight conductor & circular current carrying coil
    18. Ampere's circuital law
    19. Solenoid
    20. Toroid
    21. Moving coil galvanometer
    22. Ammeter
    23. Voltmeter
    24. Electromagnetic Induction
        1. Faraday's Law
        2. Lenz's Law
        3. Self induction
        4. Mutual induction
        5. Electric generators
    25. Alternating Current
        1. Mean and rms value of A.C.
        2. A.C. circuit containing resistance
        3. Inductance and capacitance
        4. Series resonant circuit
        5. Q factor
        6. Average power in a.c.
        7. Wattless current
        8. Power factor
        9. Transformer
12. Photoelectric Effect and Matter Waves
    1. Einstein's photoelectric equation
    2. Matter waves
    3. De-Broglie's hypothesis
    4. Davison and Germer's experiment
13. Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
    1. Nucleus
    2. Size
    3. Mass defect
    4. Binding energy
    5. Nuclear fission and fusion
    6. Nuclear reactor
    7. Radioactivity
    8. Laws of disintegration
    9. α, β and y decays
14. Solids and Semi Conductor Devices
    1. Energy band in solids
    2. Semi conductor
    3. p-n junction diodes
    4. Special purpose p-n junction diodes
    5. Junction transistor
    6. Logic gates
15. Electromagnetic Waves and Communication
    1. Displacement current
    2. Electromagnetic waves
    3. Electromagnetic spectrum
    4. Elements of a communication system
    5. Bandwidth of signals and transmission medium
    6. Sky and space wave propagation
    7. Need for modulation
    8. Production and detection of an AM wave

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Part – II Graduation Level

1. Mechanics
   1. Inertial frames
   2. Galilean transformation
   3. Non-inertial frames
   4. Fictitious forces
   5. Rotating coordinate systems
   6. Coriolis force and its applications
   7. Postulates of special theory of relativity
   8. Lorentz transformations
   9. Relativistic addition of velocities
   10. Length contraction
   11. Time dilation
   12. Variation of mass with velocity
   13. Mass energy relation
   14. System of particles
   15. Concept of reduced mass
   16. Single stage and multistage rocket
   17. Analysis of collision in centre of mass frame
   18. Equation of motion of a rotating body
   19. Inertial coefficients
   20. Kinetic energy of rotation and idea of principal axes
   21. Euler's Equations
   22. Elasticity
   23. Relation between elastic constants
   24. Theory of bending of beams and cantilever
   25. Torsion of a cylinder
   26. Bending moments and shearing forces
2. Waves & Oscillations
   1. Damped harmonic oscillators
   2. Power dissipation
   3. Quality factor
   4. Driven harmonic oscillator
   5. Resonance
   6. Transient and steady state
   7. Power absorption
   8. Motion of two coupled oscillators
   9. Normal modes
   10. Waves in media
   11. Speed of longitudinal waves in a fluid
   12. Energy density and energy transmission in waves
   13. Group velocity and phase velocity
   14. Noise and music
   15. The human ear and its responses
   16. Limits of human audibility
   17. Intensity and loudness
   18. Bel and decibel
   19. The musical scale
   20. Temperament and musical instruments
   21. The acoustics of halls
   22. Reverberation period
3. Electromagnetism
   1. Concept of multi poles
   2. Electrostatic energy of uniformly charged sphere
   3. Classical radius of an electron
   4. Electric Field in Matter
      1. Atomic and molecular dipoles
      2. Dielectrics
      3. Polarisability
      4. Polarization vector
      5. Electric displacement
      6. Electrostatic energy of charge distribution in dielectric
      7. Lorentz local field and Clausius Mossotti equation
      8. Electrostatic field – conductors in electric field
      9. Boundary conditions for potential and field at dielectric surface
      10. Uniqueness theorem
      11. Poisson's and Laplace's equations in cartesian, cylindrical and spherical polar coordinates
   5. Maxwell's equations (integral and differential form)
   6. E as an accelerating field
   7. E as deflecting field
   8. CRO
4. Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
   1. Maxwell velocity distribution
   2. Transport phenomenon
   3. Coefficients of viscosity, thermal conductivity, diffusion and their interrelation
   4. Clausius- Clapeyron equation
   5. Vapor pressure curve
   6. Maxwell relations and their applications
   7. Production of low temperatures
   8. Joule Thomson expansion and J.T. coefficients for ideal as well as Vander Waals gas
   9. Temperature inversion
   10. Regenerative cooling
   11. Cooling by adiabatic demagnetization
   12. Liquid helium
   13. He-I and He-II
   14. Super fluidity
   15. Nernst heat theorem
   16. Phase space
   17. Micro and Macro states
   18. Thermodynamic probability
   19. Relation between entropy and thermodynamic probability
   20. Bose Einstein statistics and its distribution function
   21. Planck distribution function and radiation formula
   22. Fermi Diarc statistics and its distribution function
5. Electronics and Circuit Analysis
   1. Four terminal networks
   2. Open, close and hybrid parameters of any four terminal network
   3. Input, output and mutual impedence for an active four terminal network
   4. Various circuits theorems
      1. Superposition
      2. Thevenin
      3. Norton
      4. Reciprocity
      5. Maximum power transfer theorems
   5. Rectifiers
      1. Half wave
      2. Full wave and bridge rectifier
      3. Calculation of ripple factor
      4. Efficiency and regulation
   6. Filters
      1. Series inductor
      2. Shunt capacitor
      3. L-section and π-section filters
   7. Voltage regulation and voltage stabilization by Zener diode
6. Optics
   1. Interference of a light in thin films
   2. Newton's ring
   3. Michelson interferometer
   4. Fabry Perot interferometer
   5. Fresnel diffraction
      1. Half periods zones
      2. Circular aperture
      3. Circular disc
      4. Straight edge
   6. Fraunhoffer diffraction
      1. Double slit
      2. Plane diffraction grating
   7. Lasers and Holography
      1. Spontaneous and stimulated emission
      2. Einstein's A and B coefficients
      3. Condition for amplification
      4. Population inversion
      5. Methods of optical pumping
      6. Energy level schemes of He-Ne and Ruby lasers
      7. Working of a laser source
      8. Holography
7. Quantum Mechanics and Spectroscopy
   1. Failure of classical physics
   2. Uncertainty principle and its consequences
   3. Application of uncertainty principle
   4. Schrodinger equation – time dependent and time independent form
   5. Probability current density
   6. Operators in quantum mechanics
   7. Expectation values of dynamical variables
   8. Postulates of quantum mechanics
   9. Eigen function and eigen value
   10. Degeneracy
   11. Commutation relations
   12. Ehrenfest theorem
   13. Time independent Schrodinger equation and stationary state solution
   14. Particle in one dimensional box
   15. Extension of results for three dimensional case and degeneracy of levels
   16. Potential step and rectangular potential barrier
   17. Reflection and transmission coefficient
   18. Square well potential problem
   19. Bound state problems - particle in one dimensional infinite potential well and finite depth potential well
   20. Simple harmonic oscillator (one dimensional)
   21. Schrodinger equation for a spherically symmetric potential
   22. Orbital angular momentum and its quantisation
   23. Spherical harmonics
   24. Energy levels of H-atom
   25. Elementary Spectroscopy
       1. Quantum features of one electron atoms
       2. Frank-Hertz experiment
       3. Stern and Gerlach experiment
       4. Spin and magnetic moment
       5. Spin-orbit coupling and fine structure
       6. Atoms in a magnetic field
       7. Zeeman effect
       8. Molecular spectroscopy
       9. Rigid rotator
       10. Diatomic molecules
       11. Rotational spectra
       12. Vibrational spectra
       13. Vibrational-rotational spectra
       14. Raman effect
8. Nuclear Physics
   1. Quadrupole moment and nuclear ellipticity
   2. Nuclear spin
   3. Parity and orbital angular momentum
   4. Proton-neutron hypothesis
   5. The nuclear potential
   6. Nuclear forces
   7. The liquid drop model
   8. Accelerators- Linear Accelerators, Cyclotron, Synchrocyclotron, Betatron, Electron Synchrotron, Proton Synchrotron
   9. Particle and Radiation Detectors
      1. Ionisation chamber
      2. Region of multiplicative operation
      3. Proportional counter
      4. Geiger-Muller counter
      5. Scintillation counter
      6. Cloud chamber
9. Solid State Physics
   1. Crystal binding and crystal structure
      1. Bravis lattice
      2. Miller indices
      3. Crystal structure
      4. X-ray diffraction and Bragg's law
      5. Laue equation of X-ray diffraction
   2. Thermal Properties of the Solids
      1. Phonons
      2. Various theories of lattice specific heat of solids
         1. Einstein model
         2. Debye model
      3. Electronic contribution to the specific heat of metals
      4. Thermal conductivity of the lattice
      5. Band theory of solids
         1. Wave function in a periodic lattice and Bloch theorem
         2. Kronig-Penny model
      6. Effective mass
      7. Momentum
      8. Crystal momentum
   3. Electrical Conductivity
      1. Sommerfield theory of electrical conductivity
      2. Mathiessen's rule
      3. Thermal conductivity and Wildemann-Franz's Law
      4. The Hall effect
   4. Super Conductivity
      1. Experimental features of superconductivity
      2. The isotope effect
      3. Special features of superconducting materials
      4. Flux quantisation
      5. BCS theory of superconductivity: cooper pairs

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Part - III Post Graduation Level

1. Mathematical Physics and Classical Mechanics
   1. Tensors
   2. Matrices
   3. Fourier and Laplace transforms
   4. Bessel and Legendre functions
   5. String formula
   6. Basic group theory
   7. D' Alembert's Principle
   8. Langrangian and Hamiltonian formalism
   9. Canonical transformation
   10. Poisson bracket and Poisson theorem
   11. Hamiltonian Principle and Jacobi equation
2. Electricity and Magnetism
   1. Radiation from moving charge and radiation from dipole
   2. Concepts of wave guides
   3. Retarded potentials
   4. Lienard-Wiechart potential
   5. Bremsstrahlung and synchroton radiation
3. Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
   1. Canonical and grand canonical ensemble
   2. Bose-Einstein condensation
   3. Gibb's paradox
   4. Liouvilles' theorem
   5. Landau theory of phase transitions
   6. Langevin theory
   7. Fokker-Plank equation
4. Quantum Physics
   1. Elementary theory of scattering in a central potential
   2. Partial wave and phase-shift analysis
   3. Identical particle and spin statistics
   4. Approximation methods for stationary states
5. Electronics
   1. Clipping and clamping circuits
   2. Operational amplifiers and its applications
   3. Half and full adder circuits
   4. K-maps
   5. Flip-flops
   6. Counters and registers
6. Atomic, Molecular and Solid State Physics
   1. Quantum states of an electron in an atom
   2. Hydrogen atom spectra
   3. Pauli's Principle
   4. Paschen-Back effect
   5. Stark effect
   6. LS and JJ coupling
   7. Hyperfine structure
   8. Frank-Condon principle
   9. Semiconductors statistics of pure and impure semi conductors
   10. Electrical conductivity and its temperature dependence
   11. Recombination mechanisms
   12. Photo conductivity
   13. NMR
   14. ESR and Mossbauer effects
7. Nuclear and Particle Physics
   1. Nuclear shell model
   2. Collective model
   3. Interaction of charged particles and electromagnetic waves with matter
   4. Meson theory of nuclear force
   5. Nuclear scattering
      1. p-p and n-p
      2. Breit- Wigner scattering formula
   6. Fermi theory of beta decay
   7. Gamov theory of alpha decay
   8. Elementary particles

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Part - IV (Educational Psychology, Pedagogy, Teaching Learning Material, Use of Computers and Information Technology in Teaching Learning)

1. Educational Psychology
   1. Concept, scope and functions of educational psychology
   2. Physical, cognitive, social, emotional and moral developmental characteristics of adolescent learner and its implication for teaching-learning
   3. Behavioural, cognitive and constructivist principles of learning and its implication for senior secondary students
   4. Concept of mental health & adjustment and adjustment mechanism
   5. Emotional intelligence and its implication in teaching learning
2. Pedagogy and Teaching Learning Material (Instructional Strategies for Adolescent Learner)
   1. Communication skills and its use
   2. Teaching models- advance organizer, concept attainment, information processing, inquiry training
   3. Preparation and use of teaching-learning material during teaching
   4. Cooperative learning
3. Use of Computers and Information Technology in Teaching Learning
   1. Concept of ICT, hardware and software
   2. System approach
   3. Computer assisted learning, computer aided instruction