Note :-

1. Duration of Paper: 3 Hours
2. All Questions carry equal marks.
3. Medium of Competitive Exam: Bilingual in English & Hindi
4. There will be Negative Marking.
5. Objective type paper .

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Syllabus : Agricultural Economics-II

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Unit 1: Agricultural Finance

1. Importance of agricultural finance
2. Objectives of agricultural finance
3. Functions of agricultural finance
4. Principles of agricultural finance
5. Sources of capital acquisition
6. Rural credit structure
   1. Demand
   2. Supply
   3. Credit-gap
7. Classification of agricultural credit
   1. Sources
   2. Forms
8. Cost of credit/capital
9. Credit appraisal
   1. 3Rs
   2. 3Cs
   3. 7Ps of credit
10. Estimation of credit requirement
11. Reforms in agricultural credit policy
12. Financial system
    1. NABARD
    2. Commercial banks
    3. Cooperatives
       1. Cooperative movement in India
          1. Organization
          2. Structure
          3. Development of different types of cooperatives in India
       2. RRBs
       3. Micro-Finance Institutions (MFIs)
       4. NGOs
       5. SHGs
13. Innovations in agricultural financing
    1. Microfinance
    2. Kisan credit cards
    3. e-banking

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Unit 2: Project Management

1. Definition of projects
2. Characteristics of projects
3. Need for project approach for agricultural development
4. SWOT analysis
5. Project identification
6. Project life cycle
7. Project feasibility
   1. Technical
   2. Financial
   3. Economic feasibility
8. Social cost-benefit analysis
9. Project risk analysis
10. Project scheduling
11. Resource allocation
12. Financial and economic appraisal/measures
    1. Choice of discount rate
    2. Net Present Value (NPV)
    3. Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
    4. Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR)
13. Networth analysis
    1. PERT
    2. CPM
14. Fundamentals of accounting and book-keeping
15. Analysis of financial statements
    1. Balance sheet
    2. Income statement
    3. Cash flow statement

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Unit 3: Agricultural Marketing and Price Analysis

1. Concepts of agricultural marketing
2. Marketing functions
   1. Buying
   2. Selling
   3. Processing
   4. Transportation
   5. Financing
   6. Grading
   7. Market information
   8. Storage
   9. Warehousing
3. Channels of marketing agricultural produce
   1. Price spread
   2. Efficiency
   3. Structure
   4. Conduct
   5. Performance analysis
4. Market integration
5. Marketing institutions
   1. Role
   2. Functions
6. Government interventions including administered price policy
7. Regulated markets
8. Farmer-producer companies
9. Market segmentation
10. Supply chain analysis in agricultural commodities
11. Value chain analysis in agricultural commodities
12. Buffer stock operations
13. Price stabilization measures
14. Price stabilization policies
15. Use of information technology
16. Market intelligence
17. Price forecasting
18. Marketing of agricultural inputs
19. Role of private sector
    1. Input marketing
    2. Output marketing
20. Forward trading
21. Futures market
22. e-NAM
23. Marketing under e-NAM
24. Commodity boards
25. Contract farming
26. Marketed surplus models
27. Competitive advantage in trade
28. Comparative advantage in trade
29. Trade policies
30. Models and agreements
31. Regulations for marketing and trade
32. Reforms for marketing and trade
33. WTO
34. SPS measures
35. Competitiveness
36. Ecological concerns
37. Marketing ethics

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Unit 4: Operations Research and Research Methods

1. Importance of research in agricultural economics
2. Scope of research in agricultural economics
3. Objective of research
4. Types of research
5. Process of research
6. Role of quantitative technique in business decision making
7. Uses of quantitative technique in business decision making
8. Sampling techniques
9. Sample size determination
10. Sampling errors
11. Non-sampling errors
12. Index numbers
13. Hypothesis
    1. Meaning
    2. Types
    3. Testing
14. Data analysis
15. ANOVA
16. Factor analysis
17. Measures of central tendency
18. Measures of variation
19. Skewness
20. Kurtosis
21. Correlation
22. Regression
23. Discriminant analysis
24. Dummy variable analysis
25. OLS
    1. MLE estimation
       1. Assumptions
       2. Violations
       3. Properties
26. Simultaneous equation systems
    1. Identification
    2. Estimation
27. Linear programming
    1. Objective
    2. Assumptions
    3. Formulation of linear programming problem
    4. Simplex method
       1. Primal problems
       2. Dual problems
    5. Role of business decision making models

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Unit 5: Econometrics

1. Nature of econometrics
2. Scope of econometrics
3. Relationships between different fields
   1. economic theory
   2. mathematical economics
   3. models
   4. econometrics
4. Methodology of econometrics
5. Regression analysis
6. Two variable regression
   1. Assumptions
   2. Estimation
   3. Interpretation
7. Assumptions of OLS
8. Estimation of OLS
9. Properties of OLS
10. Extensions to multi-variable models
11. Multiple regression
    1. Estimation
    2. Interpretation
12. Violation of assumptions
    1. Identification
    2. Consequences
    3. Remedies for multi-collinearity
    4. Remedies for heteroscedasticity
    5. Remedies for autocorrelation
13. Data problems
14. Remedial approaches
15. Model mis-specification
16. Use of dummy variables
17. Types of simultaneous equation models
18. Estimation of simultaneous equation models
19. Identification problem