Exam Scheme

Note :-

1. Negative marking: For every wrong answer, 1/3 of the marks prescribed for that particular question shall be deducted.
2. Paper includes questions from: Senior Secondary Level, Graduation Level, Post Graduation Level, Educational Psychology, Pedagogy, Teaching Learning Material, and Use of Computers and Information Technology in Teaching Learning.

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Syllabus : Agriculture -II

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PART-I Senior Secondary Level

1. Indian Agriculture
   1. History
   2. Branches
   3. Scope
   4. Importance
   5. Climate and weather
2. Soil
   1. Composition
   2. Soil texture
   3. Structure
   4. Factors affecting soil structure
   5. Soil temperature
   6. Soil air
   7. Problematic soils
      1. Formation
      2. Reclamation
   8. Soils of Rajasthan
3. Nutrients and fertilizers
4. Irrigation and drainage
5. Agricultural implements and mechanisation
6. Organic Farming
   1. Definition
   2. Importance
   3. Vermicompost
   4. Green manuring
   5. Biofertilizers
   6. Sustainable agriculture
7. Weed
   1. Definition
   2. Characteristics
   3. Classification
   4. Losses
   5. Weed control methods
8. Dryland farming and crop rotation
   1. Definition
   2. Importance
   3. Principles
9. Tillage
   1. Definition
   2. Objectives
   3. Types
   4. Tilth
10. Cultivation of important crops
    1. Cereals and millets
    2. Pulses
    3. Oilseeds
    4. Fodder
    5. Commercial
    6. Fibre crops
    7. Seed spices
11. Importance of fruits and vegetables in human diet
12. Crop diversification and processing industry
13. Orchard
    1. Location and layout
    2. Ornamental and kitchen gardening
14. Planting
    1. System
    2. Training
    3. Pruning
    4. Intercropping
    5. Protection from frost and sunburn
15. Plant Types
    1. Tree
    2. Shrubs
    3. Climbers
    4. Annuals
    5. Perennials
       1. Definition with examples
16. Propagation
    1. By seed
    2. Cutting
    3. Layering
    4. Budding
    5. Grafting
17. Nursery
    1. Objectives
    2. Raising of seedlings
18. Scope and importance of medicinal crops
19. Cultivation practices, processing and marketing of
    1. Fruit crops
       1. Mango
       2. Papaya
       3. Banana
       4. Guava
       5. Citrus
       6. Grapes
       7. Brinjal
       8. Datepalm
       9. Pomegranate
    2. Vegetables
       1. Radish
       2. Carrot
       3. Potato
       4. Onion
       5. Cauliflower
       6. Brinjal
       7. Tomato
       8. Spinach
       9. Okra
       10. Chilli
       11. Cabbage
    3. Flowers
       1. Gladiolus
       2. Canna
       3. Chrysanthemum
       4. Roses
       5. Marigold
20. Principles and methods of fruit and vegetable preservation
21. Preparation of jellies, jams, ketchup, chips, pickles and their packaging
22. Importance of livestock and poultry in national economy
23. Development of milk industry in India
24. Important Indian and exotic breeds of
    1. Cattle
    2. Buffalo
    3. Sheep
    4. Goat
    5. Camel
    6. Poultry
25. Different livestock development programmes of government of India
26. Breeding, feeding, housing and health management of livestock and poultry
27. Factors affecting milk yield and composition
28. Importance of dairy and poultry products

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PART-II Graduation Level

1. Agro-climatic zones of India and Rajasthan
2. Agroecological Regions
3. Adaptation and distribution of crops
4. Climatic variables
5. Basics of weather forecasting
6. Modern concepts of tillage
7. Conservation agriculture
8. Fertilizers
   1. Straight
   2. Complex
   3. Foliar application
9. Plant nutrients
   1. Occurrence
   2. Cycling in soils
   3. Availability
10. INM concept
11. Cropping and farming systems
12. Organic farming
    1. Principles
    2. Objectives
    3. Certification
    4. Labelling
    5. Accreditation process
13. Water resources of India and Rajasthan
14. Methods and systems of irrigation
15. Water management in crops
16. Soil plant water relation
17. Quality of irrigation water
    1. CU
    2. WR
    3. Drainage
18. Dryland agriculture in India and Rajasthan
19. Watershed
20. Moisture Conservation
21. Monsoon
22. Contingent crop Planning
23. Agronomy of important crops
24. Weed biology and ecology
25. Herbicide selectivity
26. Adjuvants
27. Agriculture Statistics
    1. Measurement of Central Tendency
    2. Correlation
    3. Regression
    4. Test of Significance
       1. F test
       2. Chi Square test
    5. Experimental designs
       1. CRD
       2. RBD
       3. SPD
28. Farm power and machinery
29. Soil fertility evaluation, nutrient recommendation
30. Formation and Management of
    1. Saline soils
    2. Saline sodic soils
    3. Sodic soils
    4. Acid soils
31. Micro-organisms in soils and their role
32. Properties of soil
    1. Physical
    2. Chemical
    3. Biological
33. Clay minerals
34. Soil reaction and buffering capacity
35. Ornamental gardening
36. Vegetables
    1. Type of farming
    2. Classification
37. Raising of seedling in nursery and portray
38. Cultivation of important vegetables
39. Propagation and cultivation of important fruits of Rajasthan
40. Physiological disorders of important fruit and vegetable crops
41. Seed spices production technology
42. Post harvest management of horticultural crops
43. Introduction to forestry and hi-tech horticulture
44. Cell and cell division
45. Mendelian principles of heredity
46. Multiple alleles and blood groups
47. Linkage, crossing over mechanisms
48. Changes in chromosome
49. Polygenes and continuous variations
50. Cytoplasmic inheritance
51. Genetic material
52. Modes of reproduction and pollination
53. Apomixis
54. Self incompatibility and male sterility
55. Domestication, acclimatization, introduction
56. Plant genetic resources
    1. Centre of origin
    2. Utilization
    3. Conservation
57. Variation
    1. Causes
    2. Importance
58. Principles and breeding methods of
    1. Self pollinated crops
    2. Cross pollinated crops
    3. Vegetatively propagated crops
59. Breeding for
    1. Biotic stresses
    2. Abiotic stresses
60. Heterosis and inbreeding depression
61. Population improvement
62. Polyploidy
63. Mutation and mutation breeding
64. Release and notification of varieties
65. Patenting, PPV & FR Act 2001, Plant Breeders and Farmer's Rights
66. Seed technology
67. Seed production of important crops of Rajasthan Minimum seed certification standards
68. Seeds Act, Seeds Control Order
69. Chemistry of
    1. Carbohydrates
    2. Lipids
    3. Proteins
    4. Plant (phyto) hormones
70. Chemistry of Nucleic acids and their functions
71. Outlines of metabolism of
    1. Carbohydrate
    2. Lipid
    3. Protein
72. General account of enzymes, coenzymes and secondary metabolites
73. Brief out lines of plant tissue culture and plant biotechnology
74. Molecular markers and their application in Agriculture
75. Photosynthesis and photorespiration
76. Respiration
77. Physiology of flowering
78. Photoperiodism
79. Physiology of growth, PGRs and their role
80. Seed development, germination and dormancy
81. Classification of economically important insects and mites upto family level
82. Study of ecosystems and wild life preservation
83. Insect dominance
84. Concept and principles of IPM
85. Components of IPM
    1. Physical
    2. Mechanical
    3. Cultural
    4. Chemical (including novel insecticide molecules)
    5. Biological
    6. Legal
    7. Other modern approaches
86. Identification, nature of damage, bionomics and management of insect-pests and mites of agricultural importance
87. Lac culture, sericulture and apiculture
88. Milestones in plant pathology and nematology
89. Terms and concepts of Plant Pathology
90. General introduction to plant pathoganic organisms
    1. Fungi
    2. Bacteria
    3. Nematodes
    4. Virus
    5. Viroids
91. Causes and classification of plant diseases
92. Classification of plant pathoganic fungi, bacteria and nematodes
93. Morphology, growth, nutrition and reproduction of fungi and bacteria
94. Phanerogamic parasites
95. Symptoms, etiology and management of important diseases of major
    1. Cereals
    2. Pulses
    3. Oilseeds
    4. Fruits
    5. Vegetables
    6. Spices
    7. Cash crops
96. Fungicides and antibiotics for plant disease management
97. Meaning and definition of extension education
98. Philosophy of extension
99. Process of extension education
100. Basic concepts in extension
     1. Need
     2. Knowledge
     3. Attitude
     4. Skill
     5. Behavior
     6. Objectives
     7. Rural leadership
     8. Motivation
101. Rural social institutions, caste, family and social groups
102. Extension programmes in India
103. Teaching- learning process
104. Teaching methods
105. Use of audio-visual aids in training & communication process
106. Organizing trainings, front line demonstrations, field days, kisan mela, exhibition, campaign
107. Writing reports, radio talks, news, writing of farm literature and scientific information
108. Meaning and scope of Economics
109. Basic concept
     1. Goods and services
     2. Desire
     3. Want
     4. Demand
     5. Utility
     6. Cost and price
     7. Wealth
     8. Capital
     9. Income and welfare
110. Agricultural economics
     1. Meaning
     2. Definition
     3. Characteristics of agriculture
     4. Importance and its role in economic development
111. Demand
     1. Meaning and definition
     2. Kinds of demand
     3. Law of demand
     4. Demand schedule and demand curve
     5. Determinants of demand
112. Supply
     1. Stock v/s supply
     2. Law of supply
     3. Supply schedule
     4. Supply curve
     5. Determinants of supply
113. Cost
     1. Cost concepts
     2. Short run and long run cost curves
114. Concepts of rent, wage, interest and profit
115. National income
     1. Meaning and importance
     2. Concepts of national income accounting and approaches to measurement
116. Tax
     1. Meaning
     2. Direct and indirect taxes
     3. Agricultural taxation
     4. GST
117. Credit needs and its role in Indian Agriculture
118. Agricultural credit
     1. Meaning
     2. Definition and classification
     3. 3R's
     4. 5C's
     5. 7P's of credit
119. Sources of agricultural finance
     1. Institutional sources
     2. Non-institutional sources
     3. Introduction to higher financing institutions
        1. RBI
        2. NABARD
        3. ADB
        4. IMF
        5. World bank
        6. Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation of India
120. Financial statements
     1. Balance Sheet
     2. Income Statement
121. Meaning, concept and principles of farm management
122. Law of returns and returns to scale
123. Farm business analysis
124. Importance of farm records and accounts in managing a farm
     1. Farm inventory
     2. Balance sheet
     3. Profit and loss accounts
125. Meaning and importance of farm planning and budgeting
126. Concept of risk and uncertainty in agriculture production
127. Classification of feeding stuff and computation of balance ration for various categories of farm animals
128. Conservation of feeds and fodder-hay and silage
129. Puberty, estrus cycle, pregnancy and parturition in farm animals
130. Milk secretion, composition, milking methods in dairy animals
131. Factors affecting milk yield and composition in farm animals
132. Breeding, feeding, housing and health management in livestock and poultry
133. Basis and methods of selection in livestock and poultry
134. Hatching, brooding and feeding management in poultry

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PART-III Post Graduation Level

1. Adverse climatic factors
2. Remote sensing
3. Herbicidal resistance
4. Site specific nutrient management
5. Concept and importance of water shed management in dry land areas
6. Good agronomic practices
7. Agro forestry systems
8. Effect of excess water on plant growth and production
9. Drought
10. Measurement of irrigation water
11. Irrigation efficiencies
12. Design of irrigation structures
13. Amelioration of salt affected soils
14. Protected cultivations of vegetables and flowers
15. Role of PGR's in Horticulture
16. Micropropagation
17. Ripening and Maturity indices of important vegetables and fruits
18. Landscape, gardening and postharvest management of Flowers, dry land Horticulture
19. Transgenic plants in relation to IPM
20. Exploitation of natural enemies in insect pest management
21. Semiochemicals and newer molecules of insecticides, biopesticides
22. Rearing of parasitoids and predators for inoculative and inundative release
23. Major epidemics and their social impact
24. Edible fungi
25. General principles of plant disease management and IDM
26. Combining ability and nature of gene action
27. Denaturation and renaturation
28. Gene amplification
29. Transposable genetic elements
30. Types/kinds of genes
31. Genomics and proteomics
32. Gene regulation
33. Allele mining and TILLING
34. Bioinformatics
35. Nanotechnology
36. DNA sequencing
37. Gene pyramiding
38. Karyotyping
39. Alien addition and substitution lines
40. Endomitosis
41. Balanced Lethals
42. Pecularities of Agricultural Marketing
43. Marketed and Marketable surplus
44. Functions of Agricultural Marketing
45. GST, e-NAM, Marketing efficiency, Regulated Markets
46. Factors affecting productive and reproductive efficiency in livestock and poultry
47. Selection and breeding of livestock and poultry for higher production
48. Constraints of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat and camel production in Rajasthan
49. Management of livestock and poultry under adverse climatic conditions
50. Economics of milk and egg production
51. Common nutritional disorders in livestock and poultry
52. Need assessment, benchmark survey and PRA technique
53. Programme planning & evaluation, impact assessment

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Part – IV (Educational Psychology, Pedagogy, Teaching Learning Material, Use of Computers and Information Technology in Teaching Learning)

1. Educational Psychology

   1. Concept, scope and functions of educational psychology
   2. Physical, cognitive, social, emotional and moral developmental characteristics of adolescent learner and its implication for teaching-learning
   3. Behavioural, cognitive and constructivist principles of learning and its implication for senior secondary students
   4. Concept of mental health & adjustment and adjustment mechanism
   5. Emotional intelligence and its implication in teaching learning

2. Pedagogy and Teaching Learning Material (Instructional Strategies for Adolescent Learner)

   1. Communication skills and its use
   2. Teaching models
      1. Advance organizer
      2. Concept attainment
      3. Information processing
      4. Inquiry training
   3. Preparation and use of teaching-learning material during teaching
   4. Cooperative learning

3. Use of Computers and Information Technology in Teaching Learning

   1. Concept of ICT, hardware and software
   2. System approach
   3. Computer assisted learning, computer aided instruction