Note :-

1. Duration of Paper: 3 Hours
2. All Questions carry equal marks.
3. Medium of Competitive Exam: Bilingual in English & Hindi
4. There will be Negative Marking.
5. Objective type paper .

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Syllabus : Geography-I

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PART I: DEVELOPMENT OF GEOGRAPHICAL THOUGHT AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Unit I: History of Geographic Thought

1. Development of geographical knowledge during ancient and medieval period
2. Contributions of Greek, Roman and Arab geographers
3. Foundations of modern geography
4. Contributions of German, French, British and American schools
5. Development of geographical knowledge in India
6. Conceptual and methodological developments during the 20th century with changing paradigms
7. Determinism and possibilism
8. Quantitative revolution and impact of positivism
9. Behaviouralism
10. Humanism
11. Radicalism and welfare approach in geography
12. Concepts of chorological science
13. Areal differentiation
14. System analysis and spatial organization

Unit II: Research Methodology

1. Meaning, types and significance of Research
2. Research approaches: deductive and inductive
3. Concept of qualitative and quantitative research
4. Identification of research problem
5. Research design
6. Types of data
7. Data collection: questionnaire and schedule
8. Research methodology and research methods
9. Bi-variate and multivariate analysis
10. Sampling fundamentals and sampling design
11. Data analysis
12. Interpretation and report-writing
13. Plagiarism
14. Research ethics
15. Citing of references

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PART II: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

Unit III: Geomorphology

1. Fundamental Concepts of Geomorphology
2. Geological time scale
3. Processes of development of land forms
4. Endogenetic and exogenetic forces
5. Orogenesis and important phases of mountain building
6. Mountain building theories
7. Continental drift and plate tectonics
8. Denudation processes
9. Weathering and erosion
10. Concept of geomorphic cycles
11. Davis and Penk
12. Landforms associated with fluvial, glacial, arid, coastal and karst cycles
13. Slope forms and concepts of slope evolution
14. Environmental and Applied geomorphology
15. Geomorphic hazards

Unit IV: Climatology

1. Composition and structure of atmosphere
2. Insolation
3. Heat budget
4. Distribution of temperature
5. Atmospheric pressure and general circulation of winds
6. Monsoons and jet streams
7. Stability and instability of atmosphere
8. Air-masses and fronts
9. Temperate and tropical cyclones
10. Types and distribution of precipitation
11. Classification of world climates
12. Koppen's and Thornthwatte's schemes
13. Hydrological cycle

Unit V: Oceanography

1. Relief of Oceans
2. Hypsometric curve
3. Bottom relief of Indian, Atlantic and Pacific oceans
4. Ocean deposits
5. Coral reefs
6. Temperature, density and salinity of oceans
7. Ocean circulations
8. Tides and ocean currents
9. Sea-level changes
10. Marine resources and their utilization

Unit VI: Environment Geography

1. Components of environment and ecology
2. Physical factors influencing world distribution of plants and animals
3. Types, forms and functions of ecosystem
4. Forest, grassland, marine, desert and mountain ecosystems
5. Bio-diversity; depletion and conservation
6. Environmental pollution; types, causes, effects and solutions
7. Climate change; global warming and ozone depletion
8. Environmental hazards and disasters; types, effects and management
9. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

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PART III: PRACTICAL GEOGRAPHY

Unit VII: Cartography

1. Types of maps and their interpretation
2. Single purpose and composite maps
3. Choropleth, isopleth and chorochromatic maps
4. Statistical diagrams
5. One, two and three dimensional diagrams
6. Climatic graphs; climograph, hyther graph and climatograph
7. Map projections; classification and their specific uses
8. Toposheets
9. Traditional and Open Series Maps (OSM)

Unit VIII: Geospatial Techniques

1. Remote sensing and computer application in mapping
2. Digital mapping
3. Electro-magnetic radiations
4. Remote sensing systems
5. Platforms, sensors, resolution and radiometric characteristics
6. Digital Elevation Model
7. Application of remote sensing in the study of land use, land cover and resource planning
8. Introduction to Geographic Information System (GIS)
9. Fundamentals of GIS
10. Geo-spatial databases, data capture
11. Raster and vector data
12. Implications of integration of remote sensing and GIS
13. Global Positioning System (GPS)

Unit IX: Statistical Method

1. Data tabulation
2. Study of frequency distribution
3. Measures of central tendency
4. Selection of class intervals for mapping
5. Measures of dispersion and concentration
6. Standard deviation
7. Lorenz curve and Gini's coefficient
8. Methods of measuring association, simple and multiple correlation and regression
9. Measurement of spatial patterns of distribution
10. Nearest-neighbour analysis
11. Scaling techniques
12. Rank score and weighted score
13. Sampling techniques for geographical analysis
14. Models in geography
15. Simulation model
16. Gravity model